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The
Role of the Club Treasurer
The club treasurer is the financial advisor of the club
and serves as custodian of all club funds. In this role
there are many duties relating to operating the business
of a Sertoma club. Although the club is a volunteer entity,
the IRS views the club as a business, and its finances must
be treated like one. The primary responsibility of the treasurer
is to track and report all money coming in and out of the
club. This Manual is designed to help you with the basics
of this responsibility.
It is vital that the leadership of a club realize they are
operating a business, and without the income derived from
members’ dues the organization will suffer monetarily,
quite possibly to the point of self-destruction. Most membership
organizations have an application fee and annual dues. Sertoma
is not unique in this respect.
Charitable
funds must be held and accounted for in certain detail for
reporting purposes. The IRS
requires that all public charities be able to account for
the revenue and expenses generated as an exempt organization.
This must be made available on demand to the IRS, Sertoma
Headquarters and even donors from the local community. The
Sertoma club must be able to show that charitable
revenues are used for the club's charitable
or exempt purpose.
This
Manual is designed to help the treasurer properly structure
a budget, account for use of all revenue and expenses, help
assure appropriate use of funds of operations – exempt
or charitable needs, and report as required to all stakeholders
including the club members, Sertoma Headquarters, the IRS
and the community the club serves.
Tax
Exemptions & Registrations
EIN
(Employee Identification Number)
Each Sertoma club is required to have an EIN. This number
is used by the federal, state and local governments, as
well as the banking community, to identify a business entity.
The EIN
number is used by the IRS in combination with an annual
report from Sertoma International to determine if a club
is covered by either or both of the Sertoma tax exemptions.
Without an EIN to establish the link, the club is not legally
a tax-exempt entity.
The requirements for qualifying for an EIN and tax exemptions
begin during the charter process with the Petition for Tax
Exemption forms. Participating clubs must then apply for
the EIN number from the IRS to be included under the umbrella
of Sertoma’s group exemption.
To apply for your EIN use IRS form SS-4. Sertoma Headquarters
cannot obtain an EIN number for a Sertoma club. Once the
IRS has assigned the club with the EIN number, the club
must report it to Sertoma Headquarters to be included on
the listing given to the IRS each year. Without notification
to Sertoma Headquarters the club is not legally part of
the group exemption.
If the club does not know if it has the required EIN number,
please contact Sertoma Headquarters. The Sertoma Headquarters
staff can look up the information about the club. If an
EIN number is needed, the instructions can be obtained from
the office.
How
to Apply for an EIN
You
can apply for an EIN online, by telephone, fax, or mail
depending on how soon you need to use the EIN:
1.
Apply Online
NOTE: This is a free service offered by the Internal Revenue
Service at www.irs.gov/businesses/small/article/0,,id=98350,00.html.
Beware of websites on the internet that charge for this free
service.
The internet is the preferred method to use when applying
for an EIN. Visit the IRS website at www.irs.gov (keyword
“EIN”) and check out the new Interview-style online
EIN application. The application includes embedded help topics
and hyperlinked keywords and definitions so separate instructions
aren’t needed. The information you submit is validated
during the online session. Once you’ve completed the
application you will receive your EIN immediately. You can
then download, save, and print your confirmation notice. (This
feature is not available to Third Party Designees.) The online
application is fast, free, and user-friendly!
The application is available during the following hours:
Monday - Friday 6:00 a.m. to 12:30 a.m. Eastern Time
Saturday 6:00 a.m. to 9:00 p.m. Eastern Time
Sunday 7:00 p.m. to 12:00 a.m. Eastern Time
The online application process is available for all entities
whose principal business, office or agency, or legal residence
(in the case of an individual), is located in the United States
or U.S. Territories. Additionally, the principal officer,
general partner, grantor, owner, trustor, etc. must have a
valid Taxpayer Identification Number (Social Security Number,
Employer Identification Number, or Individual Taxpayer Identification
Number) in order to use the online application.
2. Apply by Telephone
If you don’t have internet access, you can receive your
EIN by telephone and use it immediately. When applying by
phone, IRS suggests that you complete Form SS-4 before the
call so that you will have all relevant information available.
Then call the Toll-Free EIN number (1-800-829-4933) between
7:00 a.m. and 10 p.m. local time, Monday through Friday.
The person making the call must be authorized to receive the
EIN and answer questions concerning the Form SS-4. An IRS
representative will use the information received from you
or your representative to establish your account and assign
you an EIN. Write down the number you are given and keep it
for your records.
3. Apply by Fax of Mail
You can receive your EIN by fax within four (4) business days.
You can receive your EIN by mail within about four (4) weeks.
See the IRS web site for more specific instructions.
IRS Tax Exempt Status Provided for Club
501(c)(3)
- Charitable Fund
Sertoma has an IRS-deginated 501(c)(3)
texemption. Specifically, this exemption allows clubs to
accept gifts and donations allowed under this IRC section
to be tax deductible to the donor. The club must have its
own EIN assigned by the IRS linking the club to this exemption,
GEN 5409.
Under section 501(c)(3)
of the IRS Code, we are allowed to maintain this exemption
to aid the handicapped, mentally retarded, underprivileged
and other members of the community as the need arises, and
for other qualified religious, charitable or education purposes.
All fundraising involving any type of tax-deductible gift,
most corporate matching gift programs and, in most states,
all charitable gambling requires the organization to hold
a 501(c)(3) exemption. Specifics on how to manage charitable
funds are provided in detail in the Management of Charitable
Funds section of this Manual.
State
Incorporations & Registrations
All clubs should incorporate as a not-for-profit business
within their state. Incorporation is also important in protecting
the volunteers from liability issues related to club activities.
Many states and, in some locations, even counties and cities
require registration by all not-for-profits doing fundraising
from the general public. The requirements for both of these
processes can vary greatly, and the treasurer should work
closely with the club secretary to make sure that the club
has all of the appropriate and up-to-date registration required
to operate the business of a Sertoma club. Check with your
state’s Attorney General or Secretary of State office
on local requirements.
Links to state web sites can be found on the IRS web site
at the following link:
www.irs.gov/businesses/small/article/0,,id=99021,00.html
Requirements
& Obligations
Sertoma
Fees & Dues
It
is the responsibility of every Sertoma club to meet all
financial obligations to Sertoma and, if required, to its
Divisions (District or Region). All dues and how
they are calculated are authorized by the Sertoma Board
of Directors and cannot be waived or adjusted without Board
action.
Membership dues:
Beginning in 2008-2009 clubs both individuals and the clubs
will be members of Sertoma. This is a change from the past
where only the club was a member of Sertoma, and the individuals
were considered only members of the club.
Clubs will be billed annually for the club dues. That billing
will occur on July 1 of each year and is a fixed amount
of $175 for all clubs. This was approved by the members
at the 2007 International convention.
Clubs will collect from their members the individual membership
dues. These remain $15 per quarterly, or $60 a year, and
will be billed in the same process that they have been in
the past. That process is as follows:
Each individual members dues are payable quarterly, in advance.
Sertoma dues are computed and billed to the club’s
account. The billings are sent to the club Treasurer on
July 1, October 1, January 1 and April 1, or next business
day if these dates fall on a weekend or holiday. The billing
will be based on the number of members on file at Sertoma
as of noon Central Time the last business day of the previous
quarter. This invoice is due upon receipt to Sertoma.
Division Fees
The individual membership number from the quarterly invoice
is used to calculate Division fees. This number is multiplied
by the Division fees amount and remitted on Form 117: Quarterly
Dues Statement. All dues and how they are calculated are
authorized by the Sertoma Board of Directors and cannot
be waived or adjusted without Board action.
Sertoma Processing Fee
Sertoma charges a processing fee for each new member who
is added to its membership roster. This fee includes the
price of a New Member Kit that is shipped on receipt of
Form 115: Membership Information. This fee does not apply
to transfer members or former members added to the club
roster, as recorded at Sertoma Headquarters, if received
within 90 days after the member is dropped from his/her
previous club. The fee does not apply to Life Members who
become reinstated active members.
Club Application Fees
The club application fee is established by each club. This
fee represents the amount a qualified candidate for membership
must pay to the club when he or she applies for membership.
This fee is used to cover the cost of the Sertoma processing
fee and to defray the expenses involved in providing a new
member with any materials and meals provided by the club.
Some clubs charge $25 to $50, depending on the need and
preference. When there are concerns for the financial imposition
this might place on a candidate, some clubs waive the application
fee. Generally, the candidate for membership who quickly
remits a specific application fee will be regular in meeting
financial obligations to the club.
Other Costs & Taxes
Club Liability Insurance
Clubs are required to have insurance that covers the members
and participants at all events. Sertoma extends blanket
general liability insurance to all clubs in the United States
and Canada. This cost is pro-rated to the clubs each year
based on the number of members on file when the policy renews.
For more information on the insurance program, please see
the Sertoma section of the Club Manual. Typically this is
billed to the clubs in September.
Manuals
Each year a Sertoma club will receive two new Club Manuals
updated for the coming fiscal year. The club will be billed
for these manuals, plus shipping. The Manual is the resource
for information on operating a club and all awards and functions
within Sertoma. This is required by the Sertoma policy;
the cost and mailing of these manuals cannot be waived or
adjusted without Board action.
Director & Officer Insurance
& Fidelity Bonds
It is recommended that each club purchase a bond and possibly
director and officer coverage on the board of directors
for decisions made for the club. This may be purchased either
from a local insurance agent (check your club’s membership
to see if someone can assist you) or from the Sertoma insurance
company.
Sales Tax
Sales tax is a state-determined function and cannot be waived
with only a tax-exempt status from the IRS. All clubs will
have to pay sales tax unless the club applies for sales
tax exemption from the individual state in which it resides.
Sertoma legally cannot obtain sales tax exemption for our
clubs.
Annual
Reports
Audit
At the end of each fiscal year the club board of directors
should call for an audit
of the records. This can be done as an internal committee
of the club or by an outside financial representative. The
club treasurer should welcome this review to help substantiate
all expenses of the club for filing all state and federal
forms as required by the club’s activities. The club
treasurer must be prepared and have all documentation in
a readily accessible location. This must be completed prior
to filing the club’s 990 tax return.
Form
990/ 990EZ (Tax Return)
The IRS requirements state that any nonprofit organization
which has $25,000 in gross income must file a 990
or 990
EZ. This form is required to be submitted by
the 15th day of the fifth month following the end of the
fiscal year. Since the Sertoma fiscal year ends on June
30, the form(s) are required to be filed by November 15th
each year. An extension may be requested from the IRS. A
common mistake made by a club is not including dues in the
gross receipts test. Dues are considered income by the IRS
and must be included in this calculation.
Be sure to include the club’s EIN on the tax form,
as well as the tax group exemption number linked to the
EIN. If the club files a return without the group exemption
number on the form, the IRS requires that the name “Sertoma”
to be the first name line on the form with the club name
as the second name line.
If the club meets the requirements and does not file, the
law provides penalties (including fines and imprisonment)
for willfully not filling returns. Also, a penalty of $20
per day, not to exceed $10,000 or 5% of the gross receipts,
may be charged when a return is filed late. All forms can
be obtained from the IRS service center in your community
or from its Web site,
www.irs.gov.
Form
990-N (e-Postcard)
If your gross receipts are less than $25,000, you are required
to electronically submit Form 990-N, also known as the e-Postcard.
The Pension Protection Act of 2006 added this filing requirement
to ensure the IRS and potential donors have current information
about your organization. The first e-Postcards are due in
2008 for tax years ending on or after December 31, 2007.
The e-Postcard is due every year by the 15th day of the
5th month after the close of your tax year. Since the Sertoma
fiscal year ends on June 30, the form(s) are required to
be filed by November 15th each year. You cannot file the
e-Postcard until after your tax year ends.
Late filing of the e-Postcard
If you do not file your e-Postcard on time, the IRS will
send you a reminder notice but you will not be assessed
a penalty for late filing the e-Postcard. However, an organization
that fails to file required e-Postcards (or information
returns – Forms 990 or 990-EZ) for three consecutive
years will automatically lose its tax-exempt status. The
revocation of the organization’s tax-exempt status
will not take place until the filing due date of the third
year.
Other
Common Federal Filing Requirement of Exempt Organizations
View in PDF format Here
Bank
& Sertoma Club Accounts
Bank
Accounts
Each Sertoma club must have a bank account. This account
is to be the depository for all funds of the club. The account
must have the Club’s EIN number as assigned by the
IRS.
If the club chooses to use two bank accounts, it should
split the operations and sponsorship of the clubs into the
accounts. All expenses for the operations of the club would
be paid out of the operating funds while fundraising, charitable
distributions, and program services would be paid out of
the second account. Both accounts must be opened under the
same EIN number.
Checks
The checking account is required by policy to have two signatures
on file at the bank. This is a protective measure for both
the club and the treasurer. All payments should be made
by check for an audit trail. The treasurer is the custodian
of the checkbook and should keep it in a secure location.
Sertoma
Club Accounts
All fees and dues charged
by Sertoma are placed on the Sertoma club account. The club
will receive an invoice for all charges placed on the account.
Quarterly statements showing the activity on the account
are also sent to the club treasurer, as long as the balance
on the account is over $2. All charges on the club account
are due on receipt of the invoice. The account number is
the club number as assigned by Sertoma when the club chartered.
Please put this number on all checks and correspondence
regarding the club account.
Not
In Good Standing
Not
In Good Standing is a classification placed on
a Sertoma club when (1) its account carries a balance of
$50 that is 60 days past due or (2) fails to provide required
quarterly reports for two consecutive quarters . This standing
is authorized by the Sertoma Bylaws and expected by the
IRS as part of our group exemption. The IRS requires that
all subordinate organizations be in good financial standing
with the parent organization. Ramifications of being Not
In Good Standing are not being allowed to use the group
tax exemption from Sertoma, neither the club or members
can vote at any elections, and not being allowed to participate
in many award or other programs. Letters are sent to club
presidents once per quarter if the club is Not In Good Standing.
Any club that is Not In Good Standing for 4 (four) consecutive
quarters is subject to charter revocation by the Board of
Directors. A letter notifying the club of this situation
will be sent prior to any action being taken.
The
Club Budget
This section has been created with the input of the Sertoma
legal counsel and auditor to recommend best practices. This
is to assure appropriate use and clear accountability for
the revenues and expenses of a typical Sertoma club. If
a club feels some activity or function of the club does
not fit into this model, please contact Sertoma Headquarters
to determine the proper reporting and accounting.
Each year – prior to the beginning of the fiscal year
(for a Sertoma club, that is the period from July 1 through
June 30) – the incoming treasurer will prepare a balanced
budget for the coming fiscal year. A budget is a projection
of all expected revenues and expenses for the club. The
budget can be as detailed as the club wishes, but must at
least show the major categories of revenues and expenses.
These should include: all charitable and earned revenues;
dues to Sertoma and Divisions; bulletins; meeting rooms;
meeting food; awards; postage; delegate expenses; supplies;
and charitable-purpose fundraising expenses. A sample
budget is provided for review (click
for sample). Once approved by the club board
of directors, changes in the total revenues and expenses
for each category should not be authorized without an adjustment
to the budget vote by the club board of directors.
Revenue
There are three revenue sources
to include in the club’s operating budget. Each of
these represents a certain type of income.
- Dues
Revenue, Application Fees
- Investment
and savings earning
-
Contributions, Gifts & Grants
Dues
revenue is money received from the members to belong to
Sertoma, fund the operations of the club and provide for
all Sertoma and Division dues. This amount should be calculated
each year as necessary to make sure the club’s operating
costs are being covered. When calculating the dues amount,
take the total projected expenses to operate the club (see
expenses for detail on this area) divided by the number
of members in the club. The number of members in the club
should be reduced by approximately 10% to allow for members
who do not pay their dues, but for whom the club still has
operating expenses. This percentage should be looked at
annually by the club to determine if the percentage of dues-paying
members should be increased or decreased. Remember that
keeping members on your roles just to keep the numbers up
can sometimes be detrimental to the club’s finances,
as there are still expenses related to those members.
Investment and savings earnings is revenue received from
earnings off money the club has saved. This can be in the
form of interest from a savings account, interest from a
certificate of deposit or, in some larger clubs, the investment
earnings from stock and bond investments. Earnings from
invested funds are not restricted in use according to the
IRS, even it the money invested is restricted. Such earnings
may be used to cover the cost of operations of the club.
Contributions, Gifts & Grants is revenue received from
the clubs fundraising activities, direct gifts to the club’s,
or grants from other organizations. The capability of the
club to run charitable fundraisers is due to the 501(c)(3)
exemption granted by the IRS.
These can be tax deductible to the donor or not depending
upon the nature of your event. It is important that the
club understand the nature of the difference, as it has
a legal obligation to appropriately track and report revenue
from fundraisers. This briefly outlines the three categories
of charitable gifts:
Tax-Deductible Donations
Gifts of cash or other items can be eligible for a tax deduction
if the donors do not receive any service or item of value
in return. Items considered insubstantial by the IRS must
have a value of $8 or less. As example, token gifts like
coffee cups, listing in programs, and recognition at the
event most likely do not affect the deduction.
Partially-Deductible Donations
In some cases the value of a service or gift received is
such that it does affect the amount of the donation. A good
example is a dinner event. A donor pays $100 to attend a
dinner event. The IRS requires that the organization holding
the event tell the donor in advance the fair market value
of the dinner. Note this is the value, not the cost of the
dinner. As example, the dinner and the speaker have a fair
market value of $50 per person. Then the donor can only
claim $50 as a donation, not the $100. With some events,
such as golf tournaments, the costs can be equal to or even
greater than the gifts, making no part of the gift deductible.
See the Management of Charitable Funds section for greater
detail on how to calculate fair market value.
Non-Deductible Gifts
When an item is purchased from a charity, the IRS has determined
that the fair market value of the item is the amount of
the gift. As example, the club sells holiday trees for $50
that cost the club only $25. In this case there is no deduction,
as the IRS would consider the $50 as the fair market value
of the tree. This would be the same for such items as candy
sales or entertainments books. The exception to this rule
would be in the case of auctions. At an auction the donor
sets the price, not the charity, and as such can pay more
than the fair market value for an item. If this is the case,
the club should provide a receipt with the fair market value
to the donor.
NOTE: Tax deductibility is determined by the tax status
of the donor, and the club should not tell a donor a specific
donation is deductible. A club should let the donor know
what portion of any gift is eligible for consideration as
a deduction as defined above. It is up to the donor and
his/her tax advisors to determine if the deduction is available
to the donor.
Expenses
There
are three categories of expenses you need to track.
Club
administration and general expenses is the cost of running
the Sertoma club as a business. These are the costs to operate
the club even if the club does not perform any fundraisers
during the year. Items relating to social activities would
be included in this category. The main expenses are the
Sertoma fees and obligations as described in the previous
section. This includes dues, processing fees and manuals.
The club will also have costs for state registration fees,
incorporation fees, fidelity bonds and director and officer
insurance. Other expenses to include are for meetings, meals,
social activities, newsletters and guest speakers.
Fundraising expenses are those related to the club’s
activities to raise funds through activities, direct solicitation,
or requesting grants. These expenses can be broken down
into the following categories.
Direct Expense
These are the costs incurred to conduct a specific fundraiser.
It is probably helpful if each event has its own project
budget to allow the club to see in detail the costs and
revenue associated with each event. Examples of direct cost
include: printing, food and beverage, facility rental, decorations,
gifts and awards.
Indirect Expense
Though a much smaller portion of the budget, these are critical
budget items related to fundraising activity. Typically,
these are costs paid each year, but apply to more than one
or all fundraising activities. The best example is liability
insurance. If the club holds four events a year, the cost
of the liability insurance should be divided across all
four. This would only be for the general liability insurance;
if specific insurance is required for one event that would
be a direct expense to that event.
Some clubs have significant financial investments in equipment
that is used for several years to support fundraising events.
In these cases, it is recommended that a percentage of that
use is set aside from each event so the funds are available
when equipment needs repaired or replaced. The equipment
is a direct expense, but due to the nature of its use at
multiple events over more than one year, treat it as an
indirect expense and take a percentage out of each event.
This is discussed in more detail under the Management of
Charitable Funds section.
Program Services Expenses/Charitable Distributions
This is the most important category of expense in the budget
-- how the net proceeds from the fundraising activities
are used to support the charitable purpose of the club.
Depending on the structure of your events, the club may
need to budget net proceeds from each event. As example,
the net proceeds from the bowling event go to Big Brothers/Big
Sisters, and the net proceeds from holiday tree sales go
to the Speech and Hearing Clinic. The club may pool all
net proceeds and make granting decisions based on the total
of funds available. Either, or a combination of the two,
is appropriate depending on how the fundraising program
is structured. Again, this is covered in detail under Management
of Charitable Funds.
The club’s support of our Foundation should also be
included in this section of the budget. If 100% clubs solicit
the individual members for their gifts, those should be
shown as sponsorship revenue, not as dues, in the operations
budget.
If a club has an endowment that supports the sponsorship
program, it can budget an annual contribution to that fund.
This should be a small percentage, or only if fundraising
exceeds the budgeted goal.
Unless limited by a commitment made during the fundraising
activity, not all distributions must go to another not-for-profit.
Within limits, the club can provide for its activities.
One of the important aspects of the Sertoma club is to expand
the number of volunteers doing service and to increase charitable
support in the community. As such, the club funds to support
training, development and recognition of volunteers and
donors.
The club cannot use charitable funds to pay for any operational
expenses, dues paid by any individual or the club, or related
expenses such as meals at regular club meetings, as these
are not considered part of the charitable purpose.
Club’s that run direct programs for the community,
such as a hearing aid program, should reflect all expenses
related to those programs under this budget area.
Financial
Reports
A
Sertoma club is a business. This requires that the Sertoma
club be able to record and report all of its revenues and
expenses in a manner that is understandable to the board,
members and as an exempt charity to the public. As a public
charity, anyone in the community may request to see the
financial records of the club.
The
following are the reports needed by a Sertoma club:
- Bank
statements
- Accounts
receivable (list of delinquent dues) and accounts payable
reports
- Financial
report including income and expenses for both funds
These
reports require a time commitment, but it is critical that
the treasurer maintain appropriate records. This responsibility
makes the treasurer one of the most important roles in a
club. The good news is that, if maintained on a monthly
basis, the time involved in preparing these reports is manageable
by a volunteer officer. For clubs with significant budgets,
the services of a CPA or accountant can prove to be an appropriate,
even a needed addition to the club’s budget.
Bank
Statements
Received monthly, this is a reflection of the activity in
the bank account during a period of time. The statement
must be reconciled to the checkbook upon receipt. Contact
the bank immediately if you find a posting error.
Financial
Statements
The treasurer is responsible for the accounting and reporting
of all club revenues and expenses during the fiscal year.
This information is to be reported at every board of directors
meeting and be available to all members. The financial statement
should show a comparison to budget on all income and expense
categories so the club has an understanding of where it
stands against projections for the fiscal year. A sample
report is provided for review (click
for sample).
Accounts
Payable & Receivable Reports
The payables
report is a detail of any outstanding expenses not yet paid
by the club. This must be approved by the board of directors
prior to payment of the bills by check. After approval of
this report is a great time for you, as treasurer, to write
the check, as the second signatory should be at the meeting.
The receivables
report is a detail of all revenues that have not yet been
received. The most common element for a Sertoma club will
be outstanding dues. This report must list the term of delinquency
of the outstanding amount. The treasurer needs to work closely
with the secretary to keep the roster current. Make sure
that both the club and Sertoma rosters reflect the same
dues paying members.
A Sample
Report is provided for review.
Management
of Charitable Funds
Club
fundraisers come in many forms. They can be as simple as
having a car wash or as complex as running of bingo halls.
No matter the type of fundraiser, there are common elements
to all.
Expenses
Direct
Expenses
These are expenses associated with the generation of revenue
from a specific event. Examples of direct expenses would
include:
- Printing
of invitations, programs, tickets or other materials
- Facilities
and equipment rented or purchased for one specific event
- Capitalized
costs (percentage used) of materials, equipment or facilities
acquired for use in multiple events or activities
- Food
or beverages
- Prizes,
gifts or other items given or purchased by participants
- Labor
(if paid) - however, the value of volunteer hours given
should be tracked
- Insurance
or related legal fees
- Postage,
delivery or shipping costs
Direct
expenses are covered by the gross proceeds of the event.
The resulting balance is the net proceeds. Net proceeds
are used to cover any indirect expenses (if required) and
to fund the club’s charitable and exempt purposes.
Indirect
Expenses
These
are expenses your club will incur in the process of supporting
fundraising activities, but are not directly related to
a specific event. One example is recruiting, retaining and
training volunteers who will support a number of fundraising
activities. Another would be the cost to maintain financial
records, audit and reporting requirements for organizations
operating as a 501(c)(3) organization.
You can recover indirect expenses from a fundraising event
but, unlike direct expenses, it is not clear as to which
expenses or how much. The IRS has not set a fixed amount
or percentage. Recovering indirect costs requires careful
consideration and documentation to justify the use of fundraising
proceeds for indirect expenses.
Keep in mind that you are looking at recovery of a portion
of these expenses that support only the fundraising activity
of the club. Expenses related to the operations of the club
may not be recovered as indirect fundraising expenses. To
determine if an expense qualifies, ask these questions:
-
Do these expenses support our ability to plan and manage
the fundraising activity of the club?
- If
yes, then what percentage of these expenses would reasonably
apply to this activity? (This is much like a capitalized
direct expense costs to recruit and train a new volunteer
will likely yield support for multiple fundraisers and
events.)
- Do
the expenses provide a personal benefit to any individual
greater than the direct benefit to the organization.
- This
is not always an easy question to answer. If you
provide leadership training or fundraising training
for a volunteer, he/she clearly benefits as an individual,
but the primary benefit is the organization’s.
-
The individual member may not obtain a direct personal
benefit from the fundraising proceeds such as having
his/her dues paid or related fees that are an expected
expense of membership to each individual.
Capitalized
Expenses
If the club acquires materials or equipment that is used
for one or more events or activities, the costs should be
prorated over the expected lifetime or usefulness of the
items. This can be a relatively simple matter or may require
the services of a financial professional. If your club has
direct costs that are associated with multiple events, contact
Sertoma Headquarters for more specific direction. Some examples
of capitalized
cost include:
- Cooking
equipment, cooler or refrigeration equipment for a food
service fundraiser.
- Trailers
or trucks used only for storing and hauling equipment
for fundraising events.
- Gambling
equipment, for either actual or entertainment games
of chance.
Allowable Percentage of Expenses
There is no set allowance; however, there are guidelines
based on the type of event or activity undertaken. The following
are some examples:
- Personal
solicitation of donors - 1% to 5%
- Special
events 40% to 75% (can vary if based on a new or repeating
event)
- Black
Tie Dinners
- Golf
Tournaments
- Wine
Tasting
- Cook-offs
- Charitable
gambling allowances and reporting are usually state
dependent. If you are involved in these programs, be
sure to clearly understand all applicable regulations
and laws.
- If
the club is doing direct mail or telemarketing, please
contact Sertoma Headquarters for additional information.
Revenues
Allocation Decisions
How the club promotes a fundraiser
determines the allocation of revenues for all expense categories
or for charitable distribution. Before promoting an event,
the club needs to plan in advance the need to allocate funds
for expenses (direct and indirect) as well as the expected
charitable distribution. As a public charity, the Sertoma
club is responsible to the public to use the funds in an
appropriate manner. Some examples of how promotion strategies
link to the appropriate allocation of charitable revenue
follow.
Example
One: The Sertoma club is holding a fundraising
activity. In advertising it states “100% of the revenues
of this event will go to support ABC Charitable Organization.”
In this case, the club has said that all gross revenues
will go to support one entity. This means the club would
not be allowed to take out any direct, indirect or capitalized
expenses from this revenue and must give all of the funds
to this one organization. The expenses for this fundraiser
must be paid for out of the operations or other fundraisers
that are non-deductible to the donor.
Example
Two: The
Sertoma club is holding a fundraising activity. In it’s
advertising it is stated that “Proceeds go to the
support of ABC Charitable Organization.” In this case,
the club is allowed to take out the direct, indirect and
capitalized expenses of the fundraiser, but can only donate
the money to the one listed entity.
Example
Three: The Sertoma club is holding a fundraising
activity. In it’s advertising it is stated that “Proceeds
go to the support of the charitable programs/activities
of the Sertoma club.” In this case, the club is allowed
to take out its direct, indirect and capital expenses of
the fundraiser and may use the money to support any part
of the community as required at the time.
Charitable
& Exempt Purpose Distribution
A
club may distribute its fundraising dollars to governmental
agencies, schools, nonprofit entities and in some cases
individuals. For any of these distributions, there should
be a check written for proof of the distribution. If the
club is restricting the use of these funds by the recipient,
a letter must accompany the check stating that restriction.
An example of this would be a club giving money for the
purchase of a new FM audio system for a classroom. The letter
must state that this is what the money is to be used for;
otherwise, the entity may use the funds at their discretion.
While this is typically not a problem for small community
agencies, this will help the club if there is ever a question
of where its fundraising dollars have been used.
Distribution to individuals should be even more specific
in use. It is recommended that a club not write a check
directly to an individual, but to the medical provider,
school or other entity for which the individual is requesting
assistance. If the club gives the check directly to the
individual, there is no guarantee the money is used for
the requested need.
An example: Person in need of medical bills totaling $5,000.
This person has sent solicitations to many organizations
in the community. The total money received by the person
is $6,000. If all of the funds have been sent to the person
directly, there is no accountability that (1) the individual
paid or owed the medical bill, or (2) if the person paid
the $5,000 in medical bills, what happened to the other
$1,000 raised? As a nonprofit entity the club is required
to account for all funds that are raised from the community.
Payments
of scholarships
to students should follow the same rules. According to the
IRS, a student who receives scholarship funds for greater
than his/her education expenses is required to report that
money as income. All scholarships must be sent directly
to the school to be applied against the student’s
account. The school is required to notify the student of
any funds that are considered taxable. The club has no ability
to find out if the student has taxable scholarship income
or what portion of the club’s scholarship funds fall
under this category.
In some cases direct gifts to individuals are appropriate,
such as in the case of support following natural disasters
or a crisis where providing for a specific item or need
is not appropriate or feasible.
State
Gaming Licenses
All
states have different laws governing this area. Before the
club decides to pursue any type of fundraiser that involves
gambling, raffles and bingo, check with the office of the
state department or attorney general for all required documentation,
licensing and fee structure.
Many states that issue bingo licenses have specific requirements
regarding who is allowed to work in the bingo halls and
the use of revenues. In these states, only 501(c)(3) organizations
are allowed to obtain the license, with the revenues being
used for charitable purposes in the community. In conjunction
with this, the workers of the bingo hall must be members
or paid staff of the 501(c)(3).
All Sertoma clubs are incorporated 501(c)(3) organizations
as long as the rules and regulations described in the Tax
Exemptions and Registrations section of this manual have
been meet.
The requirement of membership in the 501(c)(3) is defined
as active dues-paying members or Life Members in the case
of Sertoma. With this note, honorary members of a Sertoma
club are not allowed to work bingo halls in many states,
as they are not official members of the parent 501(c)(3)
organization. If the club is using honorary membership for
people who are not active in the club and only work the
bingo halls, this could be breaking state licensing laws.
The ramifications of this could be severe. If you need assistance
with this issue, contact Sertoma Headquarters.
Substantiation
& Disclosure Requirements
Quid
Pro Quo
If a person makes a gift to a charitable organization in
excess of $75 and receives something of material value in
return, the charitable organization is to make a good faith
estimate of the value of the item and notify the donor that
only the difference between the fair market value of the
item and the amount paid for it (if any) is deductible as
a charitable contribution. This law comes into effect with
many fundraisers conducted by Sertoma clubs.
Example:
A Sertoma club conducts a golf tournament each year. The
entry fee is $250. The total value of the green and cart
fees, goody bag and cocktail party is $100. On the disclosure
statement the Sertoma club issues, it states that of the
$250 received, $150 is considered a tax-deductible contribution.
Even if the Sertoma club receives a portion of these items
donated, the value of the item received by the donor must
be used in the calculation of the tax-deductible portion.


Gift
of $250 or More
Donations made to your Sertoma club of $250 or more, whether
from a corporation, business or individual, cannot be deducted
without a receipt from the club treasurer acknowledging
the total amount contributed and purpose, the date of the
contribution and a statement of whether the donor received
any goods or services in return, and a description and good
faith estimate of the fair market value of those goods or
services. Please note that this substantiation is required
of a $250 or greater contribution at one time and not a
total giving of $250 or more over a period of time.
Deduction
of Volunteer Expenses of $250 or More
Unreimbursed expenses incurred while performing volunteer
duties, totaling $250 or more per event, cannot be deducted
on income taxes unless the volunteer has both receipts and
a written substantiation from the organization. IRS guidelines,
1995, Section 1.170A-I(g).
If
the unreimbursed expenses for an individual event are less
than $250, only receipts are required and the organization
does not need to provide substantiation. This written acknowledgement
from the organization, if needed, must contain a description
of the services provided by the donor, the date the services
were provided, whether or not the organization provided
any goods or services in return, and a good faith estimate
of those goods and services. Individuals who have volunteered
for your club and have incurred volunteer expenses that
were un-reimbursed may be asking you for such substantiation.
Evaluation
of a Fundraiser as a Report to the Board of Directors
Financial
evaluation of each fundraiser is key in determining if the
event is successful. While some large fundraisers can have
a negative return the first year, the following years should
prove profitable if it is to continue. The club should evaluate
the net effect (revenues minus expenses) of all fundraisers
to determine their value to the club in helping the community.
A
Sample
Fundraising Financial Report is provided
for review.
Overview
The
Sertoma club treasurer has four main responsibilities:
1)
structure and report on a budget for the fiscal year;
2) account for all revenue and expenses of the
club;
3) assure appropriate use of funds – operations
and sponsorships; and
4) report to the club members, club board, community,
Sertoma and IRS all information
as requested.
- Sertoma
carries a 501(c)(3) exemption for all of our clubs.
For a club to be properly reported and allowed to use
this letter, the club’s EIN number must be linked
to this exemption on the IRS records.
- Each
club is to have a bank account. The account is required
to have two signatures on each check.
-
Each club is to have two bank accounts, one for operations
and the other for sponsorships. Each account is required
to have two signatures on each check.
-
The budget of the club, as set by the board of directors
prior to the beginning of the fiscal year, is one of
the most important documents the treasurer prepares.
This tells the club how to report all expected revenues
and expenses for the coming year. It helps the club
determine if the club can operate under its current
dues and what activities must be paid out of each fundraising
types.
- There
are certain fees and obligations that every Sertoma
club is required to pay regardless of activities during
the year. These include dues to Sertoma and its Divisions,
processing fees and liability insurance.
- There
are sometimes other fees required by the state in which
the club is incorporated to perform charitable fundraising.
It is important that these be known to the club and
budgeted correctly.
- There
are many types of fundraisers, but all have common types
of expenses. The club can take out direct, indirect
and capital expenses from its fundraising revenue.
- There
are certain disclosure requirements for certain tax-deductible
gifts and donations to the club that are more than $250.
The club is required by the law to follow these disclosures
on every fundraiser that falls under the category.
-
The club is required to file a tax return each year.
Income above or below $25,000 determines the type of
return required by the IRS.
-
The treasurer must also inform the club board of directors
of the financial position of the club through monthly
financial statements, bank balance, accounts payable
reports and accounts receivable reports.
Resources
Club
Treasurer Sample Calendar
Sample calendar
here.
Sample
calendar in PDF format here.
Glossary
of Terms
here.
Sample
Budget here.
Sample
Financial Statements here.
Sample
Accounts Payable/Accounts Receivable Reports
here.
Board
& Officers - Table of Contents
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